python poetry 入门教程(代码依赖管理) | python优质外文翻译 | python 技术论坛-金年会app官方网
poetry 是一个python依赖项管理工具。
这里提到了开发 poetry 的主要原因 .
python中的打包系统和依赖性管理相当复杂,对于新手来说很难理解。即使对于经验丰富的开发人员,有时创建python项目所需的所有文件也可能很麻烦:setup.py, requirements.txt, setup.cfg, manifest.in 和新添加的 pipfile.
确实有很多我们应该考虑的文件,例如:
- setup.py
- requirements.txt
- setup.cfg
- manifest.in
- pipfile and pipfile.lock (pipenv)
为了解决这种混乱的情况,poetry 提供了一个 pyproject.toml
文件来管理所有依赖项。
接下来,我们将对其进行设置!
要求
- python 2.7 or 3.4 。
我将在本文中使用python 3.6.0。
$ python --version
python 3.6.0
下载安装
通过提供的安装程序安装poetry。
$ curl -ssl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/sdispater/poetry/master/get-poetry.py | python
retrieving poetry metadata
# welcome to poetry!
this will download and install the latest version of poetry,
a dependency and package manager for python.
it will add the `poetry` command to poetry's bin directory, located at:
$home/.poetry/bin
this path will then be added to your `path` environment variable by
modifying the profile files located at:
$home/.profile
$home/.bash_profile
you can uninstall at any time with `poetry self:uninstall`,
or by executing this script with the --uninstall option,
and these changes will be reverted.
installing version: 0.12.12
- downloading poetry-0.12.12-darwin.tar.gz (7.23mb)
poetry (0.12.12) is installed now. great!
to get started you need poetry's bin directory ($home/.poetry/bin) in your `path`
environment variable. next time you log in this will be done
automatically.
to configure your current shell run `source $home/.poetry/env`
要激活 poetry
命令,请运行以下命令:
source $home/.poetry/env
现在,poetry
命令应该可用。让我们检查一下安装的 poetry 版本。
$ poetry —version
poetry 0.12.12
成功!
创建模板
首先,我将创建一个演示应用程序。
poetry new poetry-demo
项目结构是这样的。
$ cd poetry-demo
$ tree
.
├── readme.rst
├── poetry_demo
│ └── __init__.py
├── pyproject.toml
└── tests
├── __init__.py
└── test_poetry_demo.py
让我们来看看 pyproject.toml
。
[tool.poetry]
name = "poetry-demo"
version = "0.1.0"
description = ""
authors = ["[your name] <[your email]>"]
[tool.poetry.dependencies]
python = "^3.6"
[tool.poetry.dev-dependencies]
pytest = "^3.0"
[build-system]
requires = ["poetry>=0.12"]
build-backend = "poetry.masonry.api"
添加依赖
我可以直接在 pyproject.toml
文件中指定依赖项,但是使用 add
命令看起来很容易。
poetry add pendulum
自动将 pendulum
添加到 pyproject.toml
文件中。
[tool.poetry.dependencies]
python = "^3.6"
pendulum = "^2.0"
此外,还会创建 poetry.lock
。
$ tree
.
├── readme.rst
├── poetry.lock
├── poetry_demo
│ └── __init__.py
├── pyproject.toml
└── tests
├── __init__.py
└── test_poetry_demo.py
由于这只是首次尝试使用 poetry,因此我将继续使用它,如果发现有用的东西,可能会再次写一篇博客文章 :)
本文中的所有译文仅用于学习和交流目的,转载请务必注明文章译者、出处、和本文链接
我们的翻译工作遵照 cc 协议,如果我们的工作有侵犯到您的权益,请及时联系金年会app官方网。
原文地址:
果然很入门,我还没高潮呢...就结束了...